This metabolic syndrome criteria calculator determines whether the patient suffers from metabolic syndrome or not and what cardiovascular and diabetes risk factors exist. There is more information about the positive diagnosis criteria below the form and some other medical guidelines.
How does this metabolic syndrome criteria calculator work?
This health tool helps the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome based on criteria proposed by the American Heart Association and the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute.
There are five items in the metabolic syndrome criteria calculator and the assessor is invited to select any that apply:
■ Abdominal obesity – characterized by waist dimension:
- >35 inches for females;
- >40 inches for males.
■ Triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL or on triglyceride lowering prescription;
■ HDL cholesterol – with different cut off values depending on gender and/or HDL improvement prescription:
- <50 mg/dL for females;
- <40 mg/dL for males.
■ Blood pressure values above the following cut offs or on blood pressure prescription:
- ≥130 mmHg for SBP;
- ≥85 mmHg for DBP.
■ Fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dL or on glucose lowering prescription.
The cut off for positive diagnosis is set at three or more of the above criteria.
Metabolic syndrome guidelines
The metabolic syndrome is defined as a cluster of interrelated risk factors associated with future cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and stroke.
Other names are insulin resistance syndrome or syndrome X.
Risk factors are defined as traits, conditions or habits that increase the chances of developing a particular disease.
Characteristics of the syndrome include:
■ High blood pressure;
■ Elevated blood sugar levels;
■ High triglycerides;
■ Obesity.
One of the most common heart conditions in correlation with the metabolic syndrome is Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Other conditions include cerebrovascular disease and hypertension.
Type 2 diabetes risk increases significantly in patients with metabolic syndrome as most criteria overlap with standard diabetes risk factors.
Diagnosis consists of physical exam and blood tests for cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose levels.
Treatment focuses on eliminating the underlying causes and starts from losing weight, adopting an active lifestyle with exercise where possible to adopting a diet that can lower glucose and cholesterol levels.
Other diagnosis criteria
Metabolic disease benefits from similar diagnosis criteria. Some examples include:
1) The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Worldwide Definition of the Metabolic Syndrome (2005)
Positive diagnosis: required criteria + 2 other.
■ Required criteria:
- Abdominal obesity (population specific).
■ Other Criteria:
- Triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL or on TG lowering Rx;
- HDL-C <40 mg/dL in men or <50 mg/dL in women or on HDL-C Rx;
- Blood pressure ≥130/ ≥85 mmHg or on BP med;
- Glucose: ≥100 mg/dL or Rx of DM.
2) Metabolic Syndrome Criteria (AACE 2003)
Positive diagnosis: required criteria + 1 other.
■ Required criteria:
- Insulin Resistance: IGT or IFG.
■ Other criteria:
- BMI ≥25;
- Triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL and HDL-C <40 mg/dL in men or <50 in women;
- Blood pressure ≥130/ ≥85 mmHg;
- Glucose: IGT, IFG but NOT DM;
- Other features of insulin resistance.
3) Metabolic Syndrome Criteria (WHO 1998)
Positive diagnosis: required criteria + 2 other.
■ Required criteria:
- Insulin Resistance (IGT, IFG, Type 2 DM or reduced insulin sensitivity).
■ Other criteria:
- Abdominal obesity (Waist/Hip ratio >0.9 in men ; >0.85 in women) or BMI >30;
- Triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL or HDL-C <35 mg/dL in men or <39 in women;
- Blood pressure ≥140/ ≥90 mmHg;
- Glucose: IGT, IFG or Type 2 DM;
- Microalbuminuria.
4) Metabolic Syndrome Criteria (EGIR)
Positive diagnosis: required criteria + 2 other.
■ Required criteria:
- Plasma insulin >75'th percentile.
■ Other criteria:
- Abdominal obesity (Waist circumference ≥94 cm in men ; ≥80 cm in women);
- Triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL or HDL-C <39 mg/dL;
- Blood pressure ≥140/ ≥90 mmHg or on BP med;
- Glucose: IGT, IFG but not DM.
References
1) Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, Donato KA, Eckel RH, Franklin BA, Gordon DJ, Krauss RM, Savage PJ, Smith SC Jr, Spertus JA, Costa F; American Heart Association; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2005) Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation; 112(17):2735-52.
2) Grundy SM. (2007) Metabolic syndrome: a multiplex cardiovascular risk factor. J Clin Endocrinol Metab; 92(2):399-404.
3) Zimmet P, Magliano D, Matsuzawa Y, Alberti G, Shaw J. (2005) The metabolic syndrome: a global public health problem and a new definition. J Atheroscler Thromb; 12(6):295-300.
4) Paul L. Huang PL. (2009) A comprehensive definition for metabolic syndrome. Dis Model Mech; 2(5-6): 231–237.
5) Strazzullo P, Barbato A, Siani A, Cappuccio FP, Versiero M, Schiattarella P, Russo O, Avallone S, della Valle E, Farinaro E. (2008) Diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome: a comparative analysis in an unselected sample of adult male population. Metabolism; 57(3):355-61.
6) Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw J; IDF Epidemiology Task Force Consensus Group. (2005) The metabolic syndrome--a new worldwide definition. Lancet; 366(9491):1059-62.
23 May, 2016